Federal Reserve page 5

Key events: USA - Crude Oil Inventories China - CPI (MoM) (Jul) China - PPI (YoY) (Jul) On Tuesday, all three major stock market indicators on Wall Street concluded with losses, as a widespread selloff was prompted by credit rating agency Moody's (NYSE: MCO) downgrading several financial institutions. This event rekindled concerns regarding the well-being of both US banks and the overall economy.

Key events: USA - FOMC Member Harker Speaks      USA - FOMC Member Bowman Speaks      UK - BoE MPC Member Pill Speaks   European markets experienced modest gains on Friday, providing a slight reprieve at the end of an overall negative week. Market sentiment was weighed down by concerns over earnings guidance downgrades and rising long-term yields.

Key events: USA - Average Hourly Earnings (MoM) (Jul) USA - Nonfarm Payrolls (Jul) USA - Unemployment Rate (Jul) Canada - Employment Change (Jul) Canada - Unemployment Rate (Jul) Yesterday, European markets experienced another day of losses, with the DAX declining for the 4th consecutive day and the FTSE100 finishing lower for the 3rd straight session. However, both indices closed off their day's lows, indicating some potential resilience.

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Key events: UK - Retail Sales (MoM) (Jun) Canada - Retail Sales (MoM) (May) On Thursday, both the S&P 500 and Nasdaq experienced declines due to the disappointing quarterly results of Tesla (NASDAQ: TSLA) and Netflix (NASDAQ: NFLX). However, the Dow managed to continue its positive streak for the ninth consecutive day, thanks to Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) posting a strong annual forecast, which boosted its share prices.

The dot plot produced by the Federal Reserve has gained immense attention and scrutiny in global financial markets. Since January 2012, the Fed has periodically updated this scatter chart, making it the unofficial forecast of the US central bank's monetary policy, whether intended or not. Additionally, it serves as a valuable source of insights into dissent within the Fed's policy-making committee, despite its cryptic nature and the challenges associated with interpreting it accurately.

Key events:  UK - GDP (MoM) (May) USA - Initial Jobless Claims USA - PPI (MoM) (Jun) The Dow Jones Industrial Average closed higher on Wednesday, despite giving up some of its gains. The positive finish was driven by a decline in Treasury yields and a boost in the tech sector following data that revealed the slowest increase in inflation in over two years. This development has sparked optimism that the anticipated rate hike later this month might be the last one.

Key events: USA - Average Hourly Earnings (MoM) (Jun) USA - Nonfarm Payrolls (Jun) USA - Unemployment Rate (Jun) On Thursday, the Dow closed with a decrease as strong job market data prompted expectations of additional Federal Reserve rate hikes. This led to a surge in Treasury yields, causing concerns in the market. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped by 1.1% or 366 points, while the Nasdaq and the S&P 500 both experienced declines of 0.8% and 0.80% respectively.

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The confluence of factors within the finance industry and the broader economy led to the onset of the 2008 financial crisis. However, the primary cause of this crisis can be attributed to the deregulation of the financial industry, which allowed banks to participate in hedge fund trading involving derivatives. This deregulation enabled banks to demand an increased number of mortgages to support the profitable sale of these derivatives. To cater to subprime borrowers, the banks introduced interest-only loans that appeared to be affordable.